utun2/lib/u_async.c3

// uasync.c

#include "u_async.h"
#include "debug_config.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

// Socket node with array-based storage
struct socket_node {
    int fd;
    socket_callback_t read_cbk;
    socket_callback_t write_cbk;
    socket_callback_t except_cbk;
    void* user_data;
    int active;  // 1 if socket is active, 0 if freed (for reuse)
};

// Array-based socket management for O(1) operations
struct socket_array {
    struct socket_node* sockets;      // Dynamic array of socket nodes
    int* fd_to_index;                // FD to array index mapping
    int* index_to_fd;                // Array index to FD mapping
    int capacity;                    // Total allocated capacity
    int count;                       // Number of active sockets
    int max_fd;                      // Maximum FD for bounds checking
};

static struct socket_array* socket_array_create(int initial_capacity);
static void socket_array_destroy(struct socket_array* sa);
static int socket_array_add(struct socket_array* sa, int fd, socket_callback_t read_cbk, socket_callback_t write_cbk, socket_callback_t except_cbk, void* user_data);
static int socket_array_remove(struct socket_array* sa, int fd);
static struct socket_node* socket_array_get(struct socket_array* sa, int fd);

// Helper to get current time
static void get_current_time(struct timeval* tv) {
    gettimeofday(tv, NULL);
}

static void timeval_add_tb(struct timeval* tv, int dt) {
    if (dt <= 0) return;
    long long us_add = (long long)dt * 100LL; // 0.1ms = 100us
    tv->tv_usec += us_add % 1000000LL;
    tv->tv_sec += us_add / 1000000LL;
    if (tv->tv_usec >= 1000000LL) {
        tv->tv_sec += tv->tv_usec / 1000000LL;
        tv->tv_usec %= 1000000LL;
    }
}

static uint64_t timeval_to_ms(const struct timeval* tv) {
    return (uint64_t)tv->tv_sec * 1000ULL + (uint64_t)tv->tv_usec / 1000ULL;
}

static void drain_wakeup_pipe(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    char buf[1024];
    while (read(ua->wakeup_pipe[0], buf, sizeof(buf)) > 0);
}

// Process expired timeouts with safe cancellation
static void process_timeouts(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    if (!ua || !ua->timeout_heap) return;
    
    struct timeval now_tv;
    get_current_time(&now_tv);
    uint64_t now_ms = timeval_to_ms(&now_tv);
    
    while (1) {
        TimeoutEntry entry;
        if (timeout_heap_peek(ua->timeout_heap, &entry) != 0) break;
        if (entry.expiration > now_ms) break;
        
        // Pop the expired timeout
        timeout_heap_pop(ua->timeout_heap, &entry);
        struct timeout_node* node = (struct timeout_node*)entry.data;
        
        if (node && node->callback && !node->cancelled) {
            // Execute callback only if not cancelled
            node->callback(node->arg);
        }
        
        // Always free the node after processing
        if (node && node->ua) {
            node->ua->timer_free_count++;
        }
        free(node);
    }
}

// Instance version
void* uasync_set_timeout(struct UASYNC* ua, int timeout_tb, void* arg, timeout_callback_t callback) {
    if (!ua || timeout_tb < 0 || !callback) return NULL;
    if (!ua->timeout_heap) return NULL;
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: ua=%p, timeout=%d tb, arg=%p, callback=%p", 
                ua, timeout_tb, arg, callback);
    
    struct timeout_node* node = malloc(sizeof(struct timeout_node));
    if (!node) {
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: failed to allocate node");
        return NULL;
    }
    ua->timer_alloc_count++;
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: allocated node %p (alloc_count=%zu)", 
                node, ua->timer_alloc_count);
    
    node->arg = arg;
    node->callback = callback;
    node->ua = ua;
    node->cancelled = 0;
    node->heap_index = SIZE_MAX;  // Initialize
    
    // Calculate expiration time in milliseconds
    struct timeval now;
    get_current_time(&now);
    timeval_add_tb(&now, timeout_tb);
    node->expiration_ms = timeval_to_ms(&now);
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: node %p expires at %llu ms", 
                node, (unsigned long long)node->expiration_ms);
    
    // Add to heap
    if (timeout_heap_push(ua->timeout_heap, node->expiration_ms, node) != 0) {
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: failed to push to heap");
        free(node);
        ua->timer_free_count++;  // Balance the alloc counter
        return NULL;
    }
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_set_timeout: successfully created timer %p", node);
    return node;
}

// Instance version
err_t uasync_cancel_timeout(struct UASYNC* ua, void* t_id) {
    if (!ua || !t_id || !ua->timeout_heap) {
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_cancel_timeout: invalid parameters ua=%p, t_id=%p, heap=%p", 
                    ua, t_id, ua ? ua->timeout_heap : NULL);
        return ERR_FAIL;
    }

    struct timeout_node* node = (struct timeout_node*)t_id;
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_cancel_timeout: ua=%p, t_id=%p, node=%p, expires=%llu ms", 
                ua, t_id, node, (unsigned long long)node->expiration_ms);
    
    // Try to remove from heap
    if (timeout_heap_remove(ua->timeout_heap, node) == 0) {
        // Successfully removed - free it
        node->cancelled = 1;
        node->callback = NULL;
        ua->timer_free_count++;
        free(node);
        return ERR_OK;
    } else {
        // Not found in heap (may be already popped) - just mark cancelled to skip callback if pending
        node->cancelled = 1;
        node->callback = NULL;
        // Do NOT free here to avoid double-free if already processed
        return ERR_OK;
    }
}

void* uasync_add_socket(struct UASYNC* ua, int fd, socket_callback_t read_cbk, socket_callback_t write_cbk, socket_callback_t except_cbk, void* user_data) {
    if (!ua || !ua->sockets) return NULL;
    if (socket_array_add(ua->sockets, fd, read_cbk, write_cbk, except_cbk, user_data) != 0) return NULL;
    ua->socket_alloc_count++;
    return socket_array_get(ua->sockets, fd);
}

err_t uasync_remove_socket(struct UASYNC* ua, void* s_id) {
    if (!ua || !ua->sockets || !s_id) return ERR_FAIL;
    struct socket_node* node = (struct socket_node*)s_id;
    if (socket_array_remove(ua->sockets, node->fd) != 0) return ERR_FAIL;
    ua->socket_free_count++;
    return ERR_OK;
}

void uasync_poll(struct UASYNC* ua, int timeout_tb) {
    if (!ua) return;
    
    // Get next timeout
    int timeout_ms = -1;
    if (ua->timeout_heap && ua->timeout_heap->size > 0) {
        struct timeval now_tv;
        get_current_time(&now_tv);
        uint64_t now_ms = timeval_to_ms(&now_tv);
        TimeoutEntry entry;
        if (timeout_heap_peek(ua->timeout_heap, &entry) == 0) {
            if (entry.expiration > now_ms) {
                timeout_ms = (int)(entry.expiration - now_ms);
            } else {
                timeout_ms = 0;
            }
        }
    }
    if (timeout_tb >= 0) {
        int tb_ms = timeout_tb / 10; // approx tb to ms (adjust if tb unit is different)
        if (timeout_ms < 0 || tb_ms < timeout_ms) timeout_ms = tb_ms;
    }
    
    // Prepare poll fds
    int wakeup_fd_present = ua->wakeup_initialized && ua->wakeup_pipe[0] >= 0;
    int socket_count = ua->sockets ? ua->sockets->count : 0;
    int total_fds = socket_count + wakeup_fd_present;
    
    struct pollfd* fds = malloc(total_fds * sizeof(struct pollfd));
    struct socket_node** nodes = socket_count > 0 ? malloc(socket_count * sizeof(struct socket_node*)) : NULL;
    if (!fds || (socket_count > 0 && !nodes)) {
        free(fds);
        free(nodes);
        return; /* out of memory */
    }
    
    /* Fill arrays */
    int idx = 0;
    
    /* Add wakeup fd first if present */
    if (wakeup_fd_present) {
        fds[idx].fd = ua->wakeup_pipe[0];
        fds[idx].events = POLLIN;
        fds[idx].revents = 0;
        idx++;
    }
    
    /* Add socket fds using efficient array traversal */
    int node_idx = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < ua->sockets->capacity && node_idx < socket_count; i++) {
        if (ua->sockets->sockets[i].active) {
            struct socket_node* cur = &ua->sockets->sockets[i];
            fds[idx].fd = cur->fd;
            fds[idx].events = 0;
            fds[idx].revents = 0;
            
            if (cur->read_cbk) fds[idx].events |= POLLIN;
            if (cur->write_cbk) fds[idx].events |= POLLOUT;
            if (cur->except_cbk) fds[idx].events |= POLLPRI;
            
            if (nodes) {
                nodes[node_idx] = cur;
            }
            idx++;
            node_idx++;
        }
    }
    
    /* Call poll */
    int ret = poll(fds, total_fds, timeout_ms);
    if (ret < 0) {
        if (errno == EINTR) {
            free(fds);
            free(nodes);
            return;
        }
        perror("poll");
        free(fds);
        free(nodes);
        return;
    }
    
    /* Process timeouts that may have expired during poll */
    process_timeouts(ua);
    
    /* Process socket events */
    if (ret > 0) {
        for (int i = 0; i < total_fds; i++) {
            if (fds[i].revents == 0) continue;
            
            /* Handle wakeup fd separately */
            if (wakeup_fd_present && i == 0) {
                if (fds[i].revents & POLLIN) {
                    drain_wakeup_pipe(ua);
                }
                continue;
            }
            
            /* Socket event */
            int socket_idx = i - wakeup_fd_present;
            struct socket_node* node = nodes[socket_idx];
            
            /* Check for error conditions first */
            if (fds[i].revents & (POLLERR | POLLHUP | POLLNVAL)) {
                /* Treat as exceptional condition */
                if (node->except_cbk) {
                    node->except_cbk(node->fd, node->user_data);
                }
            }
            
            /* Exceptional data (out-of-band) */
            if (fds[i].revents & POLLPRI) {
                if (node->except_cbk) {
                    node->except_cbk(node->fd, node->user_data);
                }
            }
            
            /* Read readiness */
            if (fds[i].revents & POLLIN) {
                if (node->read_cbk) {
                    node->read_cbk(node->fd, node->user_data);
                }
            }
            
            /* Write readiness */
            if (fds[i].revents & POLLOUT) {
                if (node->write_cbk) {
                    node->write_cbk(node->fd, node->user_data);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    free(fds);
    free(nodes);
}

void uasync_mainloop(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    while (1) {
        uasync_poll(ua, -1);
    }
}

struct UASYNC* uasync_create(void) {
    // Initialize debug system on first use
    static int debug_initialized = 0;
    if (!debug_initialized) {
        debug_config_init();
        debug_initialized = 1;
    }
    
    struct UASYNC* ua = malloc(sizeof(struct UASYNC));
    if (!ua) return NULL;
    
    memset(ua, 0, sizeof(struct UASYNC));
    ua->wakeup_pipe[0] = -1;
    ua->wakeup_pipe[1] = -1;
    ua->wakeup_initialized = 0;
    
    // Create wakeup pipe
    if (pipe(ua->wakeup_pipe) < 0) {
        DEBUG_WARN(DEBUG_CATEGORY_UASYNC, "Failed to create wakeup pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
        // Continue without wakeup mechanism
        ua->wakeup_pipe[0] = -1;
        ua->wakeup_pipe[1] = -1;
    } else {
        ua->wakeup_initialized = 1;
        // Set non-blocking on read end to avoid blocking if pipe is full
        int flags = fcntl(ua->wakeup_pipe[0], F_GETFL, 0);
        if (flags >= 0) {
            fcntl(ua->wakeup_pipe[0], F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
        }
    }
    
    ua->sockets = socket_array_create(16);
    if (!ua->sockets) {
        if (ua->wakeup_initialized) {
            close(ua->wakeup_pipe[0]);
            close(ua->wakeup_pipe[1]);
        }
        free(ua);
        return NULL;
    }
    
    ua->timeout_heap = timeout_heap_create(16);
    if (!ua->timeout_heap) {
        socket_array_destroy(ua->sockets);
        if (ua->wakeup_initialized) {
            close(ua->wakeup_pipe[0]);
            close(ua->wakeup_pipe[1]);
        }
        free(ua);
        return NULL;
    }
    
    return ua;
}

// Print all resources for debugging
void uasync_print_resources(struct UASYNC* ua, const char* prefix) {
    if (!ua) {
        printf("%s: NULL uasync instance\n", prefix);
        return;
    }
    
    printf("\n🔍 %s: UASYNC Resource Report for %p\n", prefix, ua);
    printf("   Timer Statistics: allocated=%zu, freed=%zu, active=%zd\n",
           ua->timer_alloc_count, ua->timer_free_count,
           (ssize_t)(ua->timer_alloc_count - ua->timer_free_count));
    printf("   Socket Statistics: allocated=%zu, freed=%zu, active=%zd\n",
           ua->socket_alloc_count, ua->socket_free_count,
           (ssize_t)(ua->socket_alloc_count - ua->socket_free_count));
    
    // Show active timers (removed check for .deleted; heap entries are valid up to .size)
    if (ua->timeout_heap) {
        size_t active_timers = ua->timeout_heap->size;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < ua->timeout_heap->size; i++) {
            struct timeout_node* node = (struct timeout_node*)ua->timeout_heap->heap[i].data;
            printf("   Timer: node=%p, expires=%llu ms, cancelled=%d\n",
                   node, (unsigned long long)ua->timeout_heap->heap[i].expiration, node->cancelled);
        }
        printf("   Active timers in heap: %zu\n", active_timers);
    }
    
    // Show active sockets
    if (ua->sockets) {
        int active_sockets = 0;
        printf("   Socket array capacity: %d, active: %d\n",
               ua->sockets->capacity, ua->sockets->count);
        for (int i = 0; i < ua->sockets->capacity; i++) {
            if (ua->sockets->sockets[i].active) {
                active_sockets++;
                printf("   Socket: fd=%d, active=%d\n",
                       ua->sockets->sockets[i].fd,
                       ua->sockets->sockets[i].active);
            }
        }
        printf("   Total active sockets: %d\n", active_sockets);
    }
    
    printf("🔚 %s: End of resource report\n\n", prefix);
}

void uasync_destroy(struct UASYNC* ua, int close_fds) {
    if (!ua) return;
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_destroy: starting cleanup for ua=%p", ua);
    
    // Free all remaining timeouts by popping and freeing data (fixes leak without double-free)
    if (ua->timeout_heap) {
        TimeoutEntry entry;
        while (timeout_heap_pop(ua->timeout_heap, &entry) == 0) {
            struct timeout_node* node = (struct timeout_node*)entry.data;
            if (node) {
                ua->timer_free_count++;
                free(node);
            }
        }
        timeout_heap_destroy(ua->timeout_heap);
        ua->timeout_heap = NULL;
    }
    
    // Free all socket nodes using array approach
    if (ua->sockets) {
        // Count and free all active sockets
        int freed_count = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < ua->sockets->capacity; i++) {
            if (ua->sockets->sockets[i].active) {
                if (close_fds && ua->sockets->sockets[i].fd >= 0) {
                    close(ua->sockets->sockets[i].fd);
                }
                ua->socket_free_count++;
                freed_count++;
            }
        }
        DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_MEMORY, "Freed %d socket nodes in destroy", freed_count);
        socket_array_destroy(ua->sockets);
    }
    
    // Close wakeup pipe
    if (ua->wakeup_initialized) {
        close(ua->wakeup_pipe[0]);
        close(ua->wakeup_pipe[1]);
    }
    
    // Final leak check
    if (ua->timer_alloc_count != ua->timer_free_count || ua->socket_alloc_count != ua->socket_free_count) {
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_MEMORY, "Memory leaks detected after cleanup: timers %zu/%zu, sockets %zu/%zu",
                   ua->timer_alloc_count, ua->timer_free_count, ua->socket_alloc_count, ua->socket_free_count);
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "FINAL Timer leak: allocated=%zu, freed=%zu, diff=%zd",
                   ua->timer_alloc_count, ua->timer_free_count, 
                   (ssize_t)(ua->timer_alloc_count - ua->timer_free_count));
        DEBUG_ERROR(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "FINAL Socket leak: allocated=%zu, freed=%zu, diff=%zd", 
                   ua->socket_alloc_count, ua->socket_free_count,
                   (ssize_t)(ua->socket_alloc_count - ua->socket_free_count));
        abort();
    }
    
    DEBUG_DEBUG(DEBUG_CATEGORY_TIMERS, "uasync_destroy: completed successfully for ua=%p", ua);
    free(ua);
}

void uasync_init_instance(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    if (!ua) return;
    
    // Initialize socket array if not present
    if (!ua->sockets) {
        ua->sockets = socket_array_create(16);
    }
    
    if (!ua->timeout_heap) {
        ua->timeout_heap = timeout_heap_create(16);
    }
}

// Debug statistics
void uasync_get_stats(struct UASYNC* ua, size_t* timer_alloc, size_t* timer_free, size_t* socket_alloc, size_t* socket_free) {
    if (!ua) return;
    if (timer_alloc) *timer_alloc = ua->timer_alloc_count;
    if (timer_free) *timer_free = ua->timer_free_count;
    if (socket_alloc) *socket_alloc = ua->socket_alloc_count;
    if (socket_free) *socket_free = ua->socket_free_count;
}

// Wakeup mechanism
int uasync_wakeup(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    if (!ua || !ua->wakeup_initialized) return -1;
    
    char byte = 0;
    ssize_t ret = write(ua->wakeup_pipe[1], &byte, 1);
    if (ret != 1) {
        // Don't print error from signal handler
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int uasync_get_wakeup_fd(struct UASYNC* ua) {
    if (!ua || !ua->wakeup_initialized) return -1;
    return ua->wakeup_pipe[1];
}

static struct socket_array* socket_array_create(int initial_capacity) {
    struct socket_array* sa = malloc(sizeof(struct socket_array));
    if (!sa) return NULL;
    sa->sockets = malloc(initial_capacity * sizeof(struct socket_node));
    if (!sa->sockets) {
        free(sa);
        return NULL;
    }
    sa->fd_to_index = malloc(FD_SETSIZE * sizeof(int)); // Assume FD_SETSIZE defined
    if (!sa->fd_to_index) {
        free(sa->sockets);
        free(sa);
        return NULL;
    }
    memset(sa->fd_to_index, -1, FD_SETSIZE * sizeof(int));
    sa->index_to_fd = malloc(initial_capacity * sizeof(int));
    if (!sa->index_to_fd) {
        free(sa->fd_to_index);
        free(sa->sockets);
        free(sa);
        return NULL;
    }
    sa->capacity = initial_capacity;
    sa->count = 0;
    sa->max_fd = 0;
    return sa;
}

static void socket_array_destroy(struct socket_array* sa) {
    if (sa) {
        free(sa->sockets);
        free(sa->fd_to_index);
        free(sa->index_to_fd);
        free(sa);
    }
}

static int socket_array_add(struct socket_array* sa, int fd, socket_callback_t read_cbk, socket_callback_t write_cbk, socket_callback_t except_cbk, void* user_data) {
    if (fd < 0 || fd >= FD_SETSIZE) return -1;
    if (sa->fd_to_index[fd] != -1) return -1; // Already exists

    if (sa->count == sa->capacity) {
        int new_cap = sa->capacity * 2;
        struct socket_node* new_sockets = realloc(sa->sockets, new_cap * sizeof(struct socket_node));
        if (!new_sockets) return -1;
        sa->sockets = new_sockets;
        int* new_index_to_fd = realloc(sa->index_to_fd, new_cap * sizeof(int));
        if (!new_index_to_fd) return -1;
        sa->index_to_fd = new_index_to_fd;
        sa->capacity = new_cap;
    }

    int index = sa->count++;
    sa->sockets[index].fd = fd;
    sa->sockets[index].read_cbk = read_cbk;
    sa->sockets[index].write_cbk = write_cbk;
    sa->sockets[index].except_cbk = except_cbk;
    sa->sockets[index].user_data = user_data;
    sa->sockets[index].active = 1;
    sa->fd_to_index[fd] = index;
    sa->index_to_fd[index] = fd;
    if (fd > sa->max_fd) sa->max_fd = fd;
    return 0;
}

static int socket_array_remove(struct socket_array* sa, int fd) {
    if (fd < 0 || fd >= FD_SETSIZE) return -1;
    int index = sa->fd_to_index[fd];
    if (index == -1) return -1;

    sa->sockets[index].active = 0;
    sa->fd_to_index[fd] = -1;

    // Move last to hole
    int last_index = --sa->count;
    if (index != last_index) {
        sa->sockets[index] = sa->sockets[last_index];
        int last_fd = sa->index_to_fd[last_index];
        sa->fd_to_index[last_fd] = index;
        sa->index_to_fd[index] = last_fd;
    }
    return 0;
}

static struct socket_node* socket_array_get(struct socket_array* sa, int fd) {
    if (fd < 0 || fd >= FD_SETSIZE) return NULL;
    int index = sa->fd_to_index[fd];
    if (index == -1) return NULL;
    return &sa->sockets[index];
}